How To: Creating deb package

Basic Steps on How to create a deb package:
 1. Create a folder [with the name of the package you want for batter understanding.]
  a. mkdir hello-amitmund
 2. create a directory "DEBIAN" under hello-amitmund
  a. mkdir -p hello-amitmund/DEBIAN
 3. create the files {on need basic } under the DEBIAN directory.
  a. cd hello-amitmund/DEBIAN.
  b. control [ hello-amitmund/DEBIAN ] "NOTE: This file is must."
  c. conffiles
  d. md4sums
  e. prerm [ need executable permission ]
  f. preinst [ need executable permission ]
  g. postinst [ need executable permission ]
  h. postrm [ need executable permission ]
 4. Create directory structure [ Unix file-system ] under the main directory as per the need. [ e.g. ./usr/bin and so on ... ]
 5. Each directory should have the 755 permission at the package:
  a. find ./hello-amitmund -type d | xargs chmod 755
 6. Now building the package: [ fakeroot dpkg-deb --build hello-amitmund ]
  NOTE: you can also use: fakeroot dpkg --build hello-amitmund, but nice to use dpkg-deb ]
  a. check for the command fakeroot [ if not there then, install fakeroot ]
  b. run a command in an environment faking root privileges for file manipulation
  c. Using fakeroot, all our script will be own as root user.
  d. [ Because most of us want to have the file should be own by root user. ]

NOTE: your package is completed now. You can install the package.
NOTE: to know the best information about the package you can use:
 lintain hello-amitmund.deb.

Summary

Prerequisite files:
 one or more binary executable or shell script files
  a man page for each executable file
  a 'control' file
  a 'copyright' file
  a 'changelog' and 'changelog.Debian' file

Setup temporary 'debian' directories: (or wherever you plan to place your executable files) [ as per the above example, I  have used "hello-amitmund" in place of debian ]

    create 'debian/usr/bin' directory (or wherever you plan to place your executable files)
    create 'debian/usr/share/man/man1' (or whatever section your man page belongs into)
    create 'debian/DEBIAN' directory
    create 'debian/usr/share/doc/<package_name>'
 

   make sure all sub directories of 'debian' have file permission 0755

Copy files into temporary 'debian' tree:
copy executable file into 'debian/usr/bin' directory (or wherever you plan to place your executable files)
copy man page file into 'debian/usr/share/man/man1' directory
copy 'control' file into 'debian/DEBIAN' directory

copy 'copyright', 'changelog', and 'changelog.Debian' files into 'debian/usr/share/doc/<package_name>'    [ NOTE: <package_name => hello-amitmund ]

 gzip man page, 'copyright', 'changelog', and 'changelog.Debian' files with option '--best' inside the temporary 'debian' tree 
Build and check binary Debian package:
    invoke 'dpkg-deb --build' using 'fakeroot' on the 'debian' directory
    rename resulting 'debian.deb' file to its final package name including version and architecture information
    check resulting .deb package file for Debian policy compliance using 'lintian'
 

Example: 

ls -lR helloWorld-amitmund/
helloWorld-amitmund/:
total 8
drwxrwxr-x 2 amitmund amitmund 4096 Dec 11 00:18 DEBIAN
drwxrwxr-x 3 amitmund amitmund 4096 Dec 10 23:44 usr

helloWorld-amitmund/DEBIAN:
total 4
-rw-rw-r-- 1 amitmund amitmund 230 Dec 11 00:18 control

helloWorld-amitmund/usr:
total 4
drwxrwxr-x 3 amitmund amitmund 4096 Dec 10 23:44 bin

helloWorld-amitmund/usr/bin:
total 8
-rwxrwxr-x 1 amitmund amitmund 60 Dec 10 23:50 helloWorld-amitmund.sh
-rw-rw-r-- 1 amitmund amitmund 75 Dec 11 00:18 README

Sample control file:
cat helloWorld-amitmund/DEBIAN/control
Package: helloWorld-amitmund
Version: 1.0
Section: base
Priority: optional
Architecture: all
Depends:
Maintainer: maintainer@domain.com
Description: HelloWorld by Amit Kumar Mund
 This is a test program for creating a hello world!.

EXAMPLE (control) file
       # Comment
       Package: grep
       Essential: yes
       Priority: required
       Section: base
       Maintainer: Wichert Akkerman <wakkerma@debian.org>
       Architecture: sparc
       Version: 2.4-1
       Pre-Depends: libc6 (>= 2.0.105)
       Provides: rgrep
       Conflicts: rgrep
       Description: GNU grep, egrep and fgrep.
        The GNU family of grep utilities may be the "fastest grep in the west".
        GNU grep is based on a fast lazy-state deterministic matcher (about
        twice as fast as stock Unix egrep) hybridized with a Boyer-Moore-Gosper
        search for a fixed string that eliminates impossible text from being
        considered by the full regexp matcher without necessarily having to
        look at every character. The result is typically many times faster
        than Unix grep or egrep. (Regular expressions containing backreferencing
        will run more slowly, however).

NOTE:
Don't worry, the 'md5sum' file as well as the 'postinst' , 'postrm' , 'preinst' and 'prerm' files are not mandatory for your first package. But please take a note of their existence, every proper official Debian package has them for good reasons.
'prerm' and 'postinst' seem to take care of removing old documentation files and adding a link from doc to share/doc.
Further information about the control file can be obtained via 'man 5 deb-control'.

More details: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/PackagingGuide/Complete

Packages we need at ubuntu system:

build-essential devscripts ubuntu-dev-tools debhelper dh-make diff patch cdbs quilt gnupg fakeroot lintian pbuilder piuparts

NOTE: you might like to read the following blog too:

http://amitmund.blogspot.in/2012/12/how-to-build-local-apt-repositories-for.html

Further few more update:

sudo apt-get install dh-make

dpkg-buildpackage --help