Networking Fundamentals

Network Fundamentals:

The Seven OSI Layers:

7. Application
6. Presentation
5. Session
4. Transport
3. Network
2. Link
1. Physical

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model


Private IP Address: -

10.0.0.0  -  10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0  -  172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0  - 192.168.255.255

Loopback address: 127.0.0.1

Network Class:

Class A: 00000000 - 01111111 -> ( 0 - 127 )
Class B: 10000000 - 10111111 -> ( 128 - 191 )
Class C: 11000000 - 11011111 ->  ( 192 - 223 )
Class D: 11100000 - 11101111 -> ( 224 - 239 )
Class E: 11110000 - 11110111 -> (240 - 247 )

0 -> 00000000
1 -> 00000001
2 -> 00000010
3 -> 00000011
4 -> 00000100
5 -> 00000101
6 -> 00000110
7 -> 00000111
8 -> 00001000